APLOACTINIDAE Acanthosphex leurynnis, 1.5 cm SL (photo by Seishi Kimura) Acanthosphex leurynnis (Jordan and Seale, 1905) Wasp-spine Velvetfish D III, IX-X, 7-9; A I-II, 6-8; P1 9-10; P2 I, 2; LLp 9 (10 in total, 1 on base of caudal fin). Body notably compressed. Lachrymal with 2 strong spines. Preopercle having 4 spines; lowermost small. Vomerine teeth present. Gill membrane broadly united to isthmus. Dorsal-fin origin above near middle of eye. First dorsal spine stout and strong. Membrane between 3rd and 4th dorsal spines deeply concaved. Head and body lacking scales, except for tubelike lateral line scales. Color: body and head brownish or creamish, having or lacking brown spots; posterior margin of caudal fin clear; pectoral fin with dark band posteriorly. Size: maximum SL about 2.1 cm. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific, from southeast India, South China Sea near Hong Kong and Gulf of Thailand. Remarks: presumed to inhabit interstices on rocky and coral-rubble bottoms, bottoms with coralline algae, or among vegetation.